Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 7, Number 1, February 2014, pages 12-16

Abnormal Anatomical Variations of Extra-Hepatic Biliary Tract, and Their Relation to Biliary Tract Injuries and Stones Formation

Tables

Table 1. Measurements of EHBT and PD
 
Mean length and standard deviation (cm)Range (cm)
Right hepatic duct (RHD)1.77 ± 0.790.51 - 4.72
  Male2.08 ± 0.94
  Female1.55 ± 0.57
Left hepatic duct (LHD)2.85 ± 1.161.18 - 7.04
  Male2.79 ± 1.04
  Female2.89 ± 1.24
Common hepatic duct (CHD)2.19 ± 1.011.00 - 5.10
  Male2.25 ± 1.18
  Female2.14 ± 0.89
Common bile duct (CBD)7.21 ± 2.193.19 - 12.89
  Male7.75 ± 1.94
  Female6.81 ± 2.28
Cystic duct (CD)2.86 ± 1.680.40 - 8.38
  Male3.52 ± 1.83
  Female2.39 ± 1.41
Pancreatic duct (PD)8.63 ± 1.855.14 - 11.89
  Male8.99 ± 1.77
  Female8.49 ± 1.88
Mean angle and standard deviation (°)Range (°)
Cysticohepatic angle (CHA)51.46 ± 14.5917.90 - 94.20
  Male54.56 ± 16.19
  Female49.25 ± 13.01
Hepatic bifurcation angle (HBA)72.34 ± 21.2625.00 - 123.80
  Male66.48 ± 19.03
  Female76.53 ± 21.89

 

Table 2. Anatomical Variations of EHBT and PD
 
Frequency (n)Percentage (%)
Cystic duct (CD)
Long CD (< 4 cm)1815.00
Normal CD length (1 - 4 cm)7865.00
Short CD (< 1 cm)2420.00
High insertion8873.30
Mid insertion3025.00
Low insertion21.70
Right insertion11495.00
Left insertion65.00
CD inserted in RHD21.70
Duct of Luschka43.33
Cystico-hepatic duct angle
  Acute11898.30
  Wide21.70
Hepatic Bifurcation angle
  Acute9680.00
  Wide2420.00
Hepatic duct
  Accessory hepatic duct43.33
Pancreatic duct
  Major papillae insertion7764.00
  Minor papillae insertion4336.00