Gastroenterol Res

Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 4, Number 4, August 2011, pages 149-156

Dietary Phytosterols Protective Against Peptic Ulceration

**Table 1.** Testing the Protective Properties of Whole β-sitosterol Fraction From Horse Gram (Ethanol Model, N = 10 Rats)
Controls: Sunflower oil 0.1 mL
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0065
Length: F < C; P = 0.0041
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	0.62	2.46	2.64	4.92	1.01	0.64	1.63	1.47	3.18	3.16
Number of ulcers	1	3	7	13	3	4	6	5	11	9
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0065
Length: F < C; P = 0.0041
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	9.39	0.00	0.23	0.33	0.65	0.20	0.33	0.50	0.00	0.40
Number of ulcers	11	0	1	2	1	1	2	2	0	2

Table 1. Testing the Protective Properties of Whole β-sitosterol Fraction From Horse Gram (Ethanol Model, N = 10 Rats)

Controls: Sunflower oil 0.1 mL

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0065

Length: F < C; P = 0.0041

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

0.62

2.46

2.64

4.92

1.01

0.64

1.63

1.47

3.18

3.16

Number of ulcers

Test: Whole sitosterol fraction 4 mg

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0065

Length: F < C; P = 0.0041

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

9.39

0.00

0.23

0.33

0.65

0.20

0.33

0.50

0.00

0.40

Number of ulcers

**Table 2.** Sterol Fraction 23 From Horse Gram (Series 1 and 2, Ethanol Model, N = 10 Rats)
Controls: Sunflower oil 0.1ml
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036
Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5
Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	3.80	4.05	3.65	3.49	3.31	3.88	3.66	3.89	2.20	Feces present
Number of ulcers	9	9	11	7	8	7	0	9	5	-
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036
Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5
Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	3.46	0.51	0.91	1.64	1.70	1.01	1.90	3.11	0.00	0.67
Number of ulcers	6	1	2	3	4	5	6	8	0	2
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036
Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5
Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	1.56	0.61	0.85	0.73	3.11	1.10	2.51	2.90	0.20	2.58
Number of ulcers	4	3	3	4	9	5	7	6	8	5

Table 2. Sterol Fraction 23 From Horse Gram (Series 1 and 2, Ethanol Model, N = 10 Rats)

Controls: Sunflower oil 0.1ml

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036

Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5

Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

3.80

4.05

3.65

3.49

3.31

3.88

3.66

3.89

2.20

Feces present

Number of ulcers

Test: Sterol fraction 23 400 mg. Series 1

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036

Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5

Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

3.46

0.51

0.91

1.64

1.70

1.01

1.90

3.11

0.00

0.67

Number of ulcers

Test: Sterol fraction 23 400 mg. Series 2

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036

Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5

Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

1.56

0.61

0.85

0.73

3.11

1.10

2.51

2.90

0.20

2.58

Number of ulcers

**Table 3.** Sterol Fraction 24 From Horse Gram (Series 1 and 2, Ethanol Model, N = 10 Rats)
Controls: Sunflower oil 0.1ml
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036
Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5
Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	3.80	4.05	3.65	3.49	3.31	3.88	3.66	3.89	2.20	Feces present
Number of ulcers	9	9	11	7	8	7	9	9	6	-
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036
Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5
Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	1.14	1.71	0.37	1.13	0.00	0.24	0.57	1.00	-	-
Number of ulcers	2	6	2	1	0	1	2	3	-	-
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036
Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3
Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)
Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5
Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0
Rats	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Ulcer length (mm)	0.98	1.12	2.43	2.41	2.24	0.64	1.64	0.00	1.13	1.98
Number of ulcers	2	5	6	4	4	3	5	0	4	6

Table 3. Sterol Fraction 24 From Horse Gram (Series 1 and 2, Ethanol Model, N = 10 Rats)

Controls: Sunflower oil 0.1ml

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036

Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5

Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

3.80

4.05

3.65

3.49

3.31

3.88

3.66

3.89

2.20

Feces present

Number of ulcers

Test: Sterol fraction 24 400 mg. Series 1 (8 rats)

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036

Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5

Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

1.14

1.71

0.37

1.13

0.00

0.24

0.57

1.00

Number of ulcers

Test: Sterol fraction 24 400 mg. Series 2

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 1 with controls (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0036

Length F < C; P = 0.0006; U value = 3

Comparison of beta-sitosterol fraction (F) Series 2 with control (C)

Linear ulcers: Number F < C; P = 0.0009; U value = 4.5

Length F < C; P = 0.0008; U value = 4.0

Rats

Ulcer length (mm)

0.98

1.12

2.43

2.41

2.24

0.64

1.64

0.00

1.13

1.98

Number of ulcers