Figure 1. Gastric emptying. Liquid and gelatinized meals displayed differences in gastric emptying (p < 0.05). Higher viscosity was associated with slower gastric emptying. Results are expressed as mean ± SD.
| Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.gastrores.org |
Original Article
Volume 3, Number 3, June 2010, pages 106-111
Effects of Gelatinization of Enteral Nutrients on Human Gastric Emptying
Figures
Table
| Ingredient | Liquid meal /225 kcal | Gelatinized meal I /225 kcal | Gelatinized meal II /225 kcal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enteral nutrients were prepared using liquid meal (1 kcal/ml; Racol, Otsuka pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan) and Easygel gelatinizing agent, consisting of pectin and calcium lactate (total calorific value: 25 kcal; Otsuka pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan). The total calorific value of each test meal was set at 225 kcal. Liquid meal 225 ml, gelatinized meal 1:200 ml of liquid meal and 25 kcal of gelatinizing agent (viscosity: 16,000 ± 800 cp) and gelatinized meal 2:175 ml of liquid meal and 50 kcal of gelatinizing agent (viscosity: 128,000 ± 4300 cp). | |||
| Protein (g) | 9.855 | 9.06 | 8.265 |
| Fat (g) | 5.0175 | 4.46 | 3.9025 |
| Glucide (g) | 35.145 | 36.04 | 36.935 |
| V.A (IU) | 465.75 | 414 | 362.25 |
| V.D (IU) | 30.6 | 27.2 | 23.8 |
| V.B1 (mg) | 0.855 | 0.76 | 0.665 |
| V.B2 (mg) | 0.55125 | 0.49 | 0.42875 |
| V.B6 (mg) | 0.84375 | 0.75 | 0.65625 |
| niocin (mg) | 5.625 | 5 | 4.375 |
| Pantothenic acid (mg) | 2.1555 | 1.916 | 1.6765 |
| Falia acid (µg) | 84.375 | 75 | 65.625 |
| V.B12 (µg) | 0.72 | 0.64 | 0.56 |
| V.C (mg) | 63.225 | 56.2 | 49.175 |
| V.K (µg) | 140.625 | 125 | 109.375 |
| V.E (mg) | 1.4625 | 1.3 | 1.1375 |
| Biotin (µg) | 8.685 | 7.72 | 6.755 |
| Na (mg) | 166.05 | 379.6 | 593.15 |
| Cl (mg) | 263.25 | 234 | 204.75 |
| K (mg) | 310.5 | 276 | 241.5 |
| Mg (mg) | 43.425 | 38.6 | 33.775 |
| Ca (mg) | 99 | 134 | 169 |
| P (mg) | 99 | 159 | 219 |
| Fe (mg) | 1.40625 | 1.25 | 1.09375 |
| Mn (µg) | 299.25 | 266 | 232.75 |
| Cu (µg) | 281.25 | 250 | 218.75 |
| Zu (mg) | 1.44 | 1.28 | 1.12 |
| Se (µg) | 5.625 | 5 | 4.375 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 0 | 2.6 | 5.2 |
| Water (g) | 191.25 | 215.7 | 240.15 |