Gastroenterol Res

Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 3, Number 1, February 2010, pages 32-38

Effect of Aqueous Extract of Psidium Guajava Leaves on Liver Enzymes, Histological Integrity and Hematological Indices in Rats

Figure 1. Liver section of male control rat. Cords of hepatocytes well preserved and essentially normal, cytoplasm not vacuolated, sinusoids well demarcated, no area of necrosis, no fatty degeneration and change. Haematoxylin and Eosin stained.

Figure 2. Liver section of female test rat, treated with aqueous extract of P. guajava leaves. Cords of hepatocytes are distinct and essentially normal, no fatty change, cytoplasm not vacuolated. Haematoxylin and Eosin stained.

Figure 3. Liver section of female control rat. Cords of hepatocytes well preserved and essentially normal, cytoplasm not vacuolated, sinusoids well demarcated, no area of necrosis, no fatty degeneration and change. Haematoxylin and Eosin stained.

Figure 4. Liver section of female test rat, treated with aqueous extract of P. guajava leaves. Cords of hepatocytes are distinct and relatively normal, no fatty change, cytoplasm not vacuolated. Haematoxylin and Eosin stained.

**Table 1.** Phytochemical Profile of Aqueous Extract of P. Guajava Leaves
Phytochemical Components	P. Guajava Leaf Extract
++ = Highly present, + = Present
Alkaloids	++
Flavonoids	++
Glycosides	+
Polyphenols	++
Reducing Compuonds	++
Saponins	++
Tannins	+

Table 1. Phytochemical Profile of Aqueous Extract of P. Guajava Leaves

Phytochemical Components

P. Guajava Leaf Extract

++ = Highly present, + = Present

Alkaloids

Flavonoids

Glycosides

Polyphenols

Reducing Compuonds

Saponins

Tannins

**Table 2.** Effect of P. Guajava Aqueous Leaf Extract on Serum Enzymes, Total Proteins and Albumin Levels of Normal Wistar Rats
Group	ALT (IU/L)	AST (IU/L)	ALP (IU/L)	Total Serum Protein (g/l)	Serum Albumin (g/l)
Values are presented as mean ± Standard Deviation, n = 6, *P ≥ 0.05 compared with the control. Mc = Male control; Mt = Male test,treated with the extract; Fc = Female control; Ft = Female test, treated with the extract.
Mc	9.02 ± 2.10	7.12 ± 2.18	94.20 ± 4.82	60.10 ± 5.00	26.02 ± 2.67
Mt	8.86 ± 2.00*	6.94 ± 1.86*	93.72 ± 5.06*	58.98 ± 6.85*	25.86 ± 2.58*
Fc	9.00 ± 1.95	6.86 ± 2.00	93.85 ± 6.02	59.65 ± 4.89	25.98 ± 2.63
Ft	8.97 ± 2.16*	7.03 ± 1.56*	94.12 ± 5.62*	60.08 ± 5.24*	26.14 ± 2.52*

Table 2. Effect of P. Guajava Aqueous Leaf Extract on Serum Enzymes, Total Proteins and Albumin Levels of Normal Wistar Rats

Group

ALT (IU/L)

AST (IU/L)

ALP (IU/L)

Total Serum Protein (g/l)

Serum Albumin (g/l)

Values are presented as mean ± Standard Deviation, n = 6, *P ≥ 0.05 compared with the control. Mc = Male control; Mt = Male test,treated with the extract; Fc = Female control; Ft = Female test, treated with the extract.

9.02 ± 2.10

7.12 ± 2.18

94.20 ± 4.82

60.10 ± 5.00

26.02 ± 2.67

8.86 ± 2.00*

6.94 ± 1.86*

93.72 ± 5.06*

58.98 ± 6.85*

25.86 ± 2.58*

9.00 ± 1.95

6.86 ± 2.00

93.85 ± 6.02

59.65 ± 4.89

25.98 ± 2.63

8.97 ± 2.16*

7.03 ± 1.56*

94.12 ± 5.62*

60.08 ± 5.24*

26.14 ± 2.52*

**Table 3.** Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Aqueous Extract of P. Guajava Leaves on Some Haematological Indices in Male Rats
Group	PCV (%)	Hb (g/dl)	RBC (x10⁶ cells mm^-3)	WBC (x10³ cells mm^-3)
The data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 6. P < 0.05 compared with control, *P ≥0.05 compared with control. Mc = Male control; Mt = Male test,treated with the extract; Fc = Female control; Ft = Female test, treated with the extract
Mc	41.36 ± 2.23	12.10 ± 2.50	1.30 ± 0.05	4.50 ± 2.20
Mt	47.80 ± 1.88*	16.02 ± 1.86*	1.58 ± 0.06*	4.53 ± 2.11**
Fc	40.86 ± 2.00	11.68 ± 2.00	1.29 ± 0.07	4.48 ± 1.96
Ft	47.02 ± 2.55*	15.86 ± 1.98*	1.56 ± 0.06*	4.50 ± 2.00**

Table 3. Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Aqueous Extract of P. Guajava Leaves on Some Haematological Indices in Male Rats

Group

PCV (%)

Hb (g/dl)

RBC (x10⁶ cells mm^-3)

WBC (x10³ cells mm^-3)

The data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 6. *P < 0.05 compared with control, **P ≥0.05 compared with control. Mc = Male control; Mt = Male test,treated with the extract; Fc = Female control; Ft = Female test, treated with the extract

41.36 ± 2.23

12.10 ± 2.50

1.30 ± 0.05

4.50 ± 2.20

47.80 ± 1.88*

16.02 ± 1.86*

1.58 ± 0.06*

4.53 ± 2.11**

40.86 ± 2.00

11.68 ± 2.00

1.29 ± 0.07

4.48 ± 1.96

47.02 ± 2.55*

15.86 ± 1.98*

1.56 ± 0.06*

4.50 ± 2.00**