Gastroenterol Res

Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 17, Number 3, June 2024, pages 133-145

The Risk of Infection-Caused Mortality in Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Population-Based Study

**Table 1.** Clinicopathologic Features of Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients
Variables	Alive (n = 7,427)	Pneumonia and influenza (n = 469)	Septicemia (n = 263)	TB (n = 8)	Other infections (n = 114)	Other cause of death (n = 51,299)	Total (n = 59,580)
All data are presented as n (%) except age presented as mean (standard deviation). NOS: not otherwise specified; TB: tuberculosis.
Age	63.64 (12.302)	73.37 (9.941)	70.47 (10.793)	73.25 (13.21)	67.46 (12.915)	69.14 (12.321)	68.49 (12.438)
Sex
Male	5,051 (68)	335 (71.4)	173 (65.8)	6 (75)	81 (71.1)	34,780 (67.8)	40,426 (67.9)
Female	2,376 (32)	134 (28.6)	90 (34.2)	2 (25)	33 (28.9)	16,519 (32.2)	19,154 (32.1)
Race
White	5,212 (70.2)	327 (69.7)	194 (73.8)	4 (50)	79 (69.3)	39,070 (76.2)	44,886 (75.3)
Black	751 (10.1)	49 (10.4)	49 (18.6)	1 (12.5)	20 (17.5)	6,268 (12.2)	7,138 (12)
Others	1,464 (19.7)	93 (19.8)	20 (7.6)	3 (37.5)	15 (13.2)	5,961 (11.6)	7,556 (12.7)
Marital status
Single	956 (12.9)	45 (9.6)	30 (11.4)	-	29 (25.4)	5,548 (10.8)	6,608 (11.1)
Married	5,128 (69)	282 (60.1)	157 (59.7)	5 (62.5)	56 (49.1)	31,086 (60.6)	36,714 (61.6)
Separated	75 (1)	6 (1.3)	3 (1.1)	-	-	723 (1.4)	807 (1.4)
Divorced	537 (7.2)	29 (6.2)	18 (6.8)	-	7 (6.1)	3,723 (7.3)	4,314 (7.2)
Widowed	731 (9.8)	107 (22.8)	55 (20.9)	3 (37.5)	22 (19.3)	10,219 (19.9)	11,137 (18.7)
Primary site
Stomach, NOS	12 (10.5)	58 (12.4)	38 (14.4)	-	12 (10.5)	7,669 (14.9)	8,431 (14.2)
Cardia, NOS	40 (35.1)	126 (26.9)	90 (34.2)	3 (37.5)	40 (35.1)	18,985 (37)	2,2451 (37.7)
Fundus of stomach	4 (3.5)	6 (1.3)	15 (5.7)	-	4 (3.5)	2,151 (4.2)	2,389 (4)
Body of stomach	9 (7.9)	30 (6.4)	24 (9.1)	1 (12.5)	9 (7.9)	3,611 (7)	4,206 (7.1)
Gastric antrum	26 (22.8)	112 (23.9)	49 (18.6)	2 (25)	26 (22.8)	9,979 (19.5)	11,695 (19.6)
Pylorus	3 (2.6)	27 (5.8)	8 (3)	-	3 (2.6)	1,879 (3.7)	2,148 (3.6)
Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS	17 (14.9)	90 (19.2)	23 (8.7)	2 (25)	17 (14.9)	4,867 (9.5)	5,768 (9.7)
Greater curvature of stomach, NOS	3 (2.6)	20 (4.3)	16 (6.1)	-	3 (2.6)	2,158 (4.2)	2,492 (4.2)
Stage
Localized	45 (39.5)	219 (46.7)	89 (33.8)	5 (62.5)	45 (39.5)	10,238 (20)	14,351 (24.1)
Regional	37 (32.5)	162 (34.5)	93 (35.4)	2 (25)	37 (32.5)	16,911 (33)	19,680 (33)
Distant	20 (17.5)	54 (11.5)	57 (21.7)	-	20 (17.5)	20,168 (39.3)	21,222 (35.6)
Unstaged	12 (10.5)	34 (7.2)	24 (9.1)	1 (12.5)	12 (10.5)	3,982 (7.8)	4,327 (7.3)
Chemotherapy
Yes	28 (24.6)	91 (19.4)	88 (33.5)	1 (12.5)	28 (24.6)	18,628 (36.3)	22,327 (37.5)
No/unknown	86 (75.4)	378 (80.6)	175 (66.5)	7 (87.5)	86 (75.4)	32,671 (63.7)	37,253 (62.5)
Radiation
Beam radiation	25 (21.9)	68 (14.5)	61 (23.2)	1 (12.5)	25 (21.9)	10,665 (20.8)	13,135 (22)
Other types of radiation	1 (0.9)	401 (85.5)	-	-	1 (0.9)	264 (0.5)	307 (0.5)
None	88 (77.2)	-	202 (76.8)	7 (87.5)	88 (77.2)	40,370 (78.7)	46,138 (77.4)
Surgery
Surgery performed	80 (70.2)	392 (83.6)	197 (74.9)	6 (75)	80 (70.2)	28,462 (55.5)	35,350 (59.3)
Not recommended	34 (29.8)	77 (16.4)	66 (25.1)	2 (25)	34 (29.8)	22,837 (44.5)	24,230 (40.7)

Table 1. Clinicopathologic Features of Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients

Variables

Alive (n = 7,427)

Pneumonia and influenza (n = 469)

Septicemia (n = 263)

TB (n = 8)

Other infections (n = 114)

Other cause of death (n = 51,299)

Total (n = 59,580)

All data are presented as n (%) except age presented as mean (standard deviation). NOS: not otherwise specified; TB: tuberculosis.

Age

63.64 (12.302)

73.37 (9.941)

70.47 (10.793)

73.25 (13.21)

67.46 (12.915)

69.14 (12.321)

68.49 (12.438)

Sex

Male

5,051 (68)

335 (71.4)

173 (65.8)

6 (75)

81 (71.1)

34,780 (67.8)

40,426 (67.9)

Female

2,376 (32)

134 (28.6)

90 (34.2)

2 (25)

33 (28.9)

16,519 (32.2)

19,154 (32.1)

Race

White

5,212 (70.2)

327 (69.7)

194 (73.8)

4 (50)

79 (69.3)

39,070 (76.2)

44,886 (75.3)

Black

751 (10.1)

49 (10.4)

49 (18.6)

1 (12.5)

20 (17.5)

6,268 (12.2)

7,138 (12)

Others

1,464 (19.7)

93 (19.8)

20 (7.6)

3 (37.5)

15 (13.2)

5,961 (11.6)

7,556 (12.7)

Marital status

Single

956 (12.9)

45 (9.6)

30 (11.4)

29 (25.4)

5,548 (10.8)

6,608 (11.1)

Married

5,128 (69)

282 (60.1)

157 (59.7)

5 (62.5)

56 (49.1)

31,086 (60.6)

36,714 (61.6)

Separated

75 (1)

6 (1.3)

3 (1.1)

723 (1.4)

807 (1.4)

Divorced

537 (7.2)

29 (6.2)

18 (6.8)

7 (6.1)

3,723 (7.3)

4,314 (7.2)

Widowed

731 (9.8)

107 (22.8)

55 (20.9)

3 (37.5)

22 (19.3)

10,219 (19.9)

11,137 (18.7)

Primary site

Stomach, NOS

12 (10.5)

58 (12.4)

38 (14.4)

12 (10.5)

7,669 (14.9)

8,431 (14.2)

Cardia, NOS

40 (35.1)

126 (26.9)

90 (34.2)

3 (37.5)

40 (35.1)

18,985 (37)

2,2451 (37.7)

Fundus of stomach

4 (3.5)

6 (1.3)

15 (5.7)

4 (3.5)

2,151 (4.2)

2,389 (4)

Body of stomach

9 (7.9)

30 (6.4)

24 (9.1)

1 (12.5)

9 (7.9)

3,611 (7)

4,206 (7.1)

Gastric antrum

26 (22.8)

112 (23.9)

49 (18.6)

2 (25)

26 (22.8)

9,979 (19.5)

11,695 (19.6)

Pylorus

3 (2.6)

27 (5.8)

8 (3)

3 (2.6)

1,879 (3.7)

2,148 (3.6)

Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS

17 (14.9)

90 (19.2)

23 (8.7)

2 (25)

17 (14.9)

4,867 (9.5)

5,768 (9.7)

Greater curvature of stomach, NOS

3 (2.6)

20 (4.3)

16 (6.1)

3 (2.6)

2,158 (4.2)

2,492 (4.2)

Stage

Localized

45 (39.5)

219 (46.7)

89 (33.8)

5 (62.5)

45 (39.5)

10,238 (20)

14,351 (24.1)

Regional

37 (32.5)

162 (34.5)

93 (35.4)

2 (25)

37 (32.5)

16,911 (33)

19,680 (33)

Distant

20 (17.5)

54 (11.5)

57 (21.7)

20 (17.5)

20,168 (39.3)

21,222 (35.6)

Unstaged

12 (10.5)

34 (7.2)

24 (9.1)

1 (12.5)

12 (10.5)

3,982 (7.8)

4,327 (7.3)

Chemotherapy

Yes

28 (24.6)

91 (19.4)

88 (33.5)

1 (12.5)

28 (24.6)

18,628 (36.3)

22,327 (37.5)

No/unknown

86 (75.4)

378 (80.6)

175 (66.5)

7 (87.5)

86 (75.4)

32,671 (63.7)

37,253 (62.5)

Radiation

Beam radiation

25 (21.9)

68 (14.5)

61 (23.2)

1 (12.5)

25 (21.9)

10,665 (20.8)

13,135 (22)

Other types of radiation

1 (0.9)

401 (85.5)

1 (0.9)

264 (0.5)

307 (0.5)

None

88 (77.2)

202 (76.8)

7 (87.5)

88 (77.2)

40,370 (78.7)

46,138 (77.4)

Surgery

Surgery performed

80 (70.2)

392 (83.6)

197 (74.9)

6 (75)

80 (70.2)

28,462 (55.5)

35,350 (59.3)

Not recommended

34 (29.8)

77 (16.4)

66 (25.1)

2 (25)

34 (29.8)

22,837 (44.5)

24,230 (40.7)

**Table 2.** Univariate Analysis Using Kaplan-Meier Test
Variables	Infection, mean (95% CI)	P-value	Other, mean (95% CI)	P-value	Total, mean (95% CI)	P-value
CI: confidence interval; NOS: not otherwise specified.
Age		0.8		< 0.001		< 0.001
< 49	60.452 (32.668 - 88.235)		83.313 (78.347 - 88.278)		81.759 (76.883 - 86.635)
> 50	56.75 (51.916 - 61.583)		44.833 (44.02 - 45.645)		42.961 (42.204 - 43.719)
Sex		0.03		0.015		0.006
Male	53.247 (47.701 - 58.793)		46.606 (45.546 - 47.667)		44.591 (43.606 - 45.576)
Female	65.239 (56.123 - 74.356)		51.12 (49.537 - 52.702)		49.116 (47.625 - 50.607)
Race		0.004		< 0.001		< 0.001
White	54.01 (48.549 - 59.47)		44.975 (44.03 - 45.921)		43.238 (42.35 - 44.125)
Black	47.218 (33.92 - 60.517)		43.29 (40.908 - 45.673)		41.3 (39.114 - 43.485)
Others	78.916 (65.925 - 91.907)		72.213 (68.744 - 75.681)		68.444 (65.234 - 71.653)
Marital status		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
Single (never married)	33.288 (23.649 - 42.928)		45.58 (42.859 - 48.301)		43.606 (41.035 - 46.176)
Married (including common law)	62.79 (56.277 - 69.303)		54.631 (53.413 - 55.849)		52.507 (51.36 - 53.654)
Separated	96.667 (51.308 - 142.025)		43.854 (37.585 - 50.123)		42.165 (36.285 - 48.045)
Divorced	50.37 (31.031 - 69.71)		44.62 (41.197 - 48.044)		42.798 (39.623 - 45.973)
Widowed	54.182 (44.342 - 64.021)		30.734 (29.528 - 31.94)		29.369 (28.257 - 30.48)
Primary site		0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
Stomach, NOS	52.296 (38.221 - 66.372)		33.233 (31.341 - 35.124)		31.757 (29.995 - 33.519)
Cardia, NOS	42.39 (35.26 - 49.519)		45.815 (44.207 - 47.422)		44.159 (42.654 - 45.664)
Fundus of stomach	55.88 (27.061 - 84.699)		36.822 (32.945 - 40.699)		35.445 (31.805 - 39.085)
Body of stomach	55.328 (38.117 - 72.539)		45.474 (42.289 - 48.658)		43.43 (40.47 - 46.39)
Gastric antrum	62.492 (52.125 - 72.859)		54.493 (52.469 - 56.518)		52.249 (50.351 - 54.146)
Pylorus	74.632 (48.34 - 100.923)		55.917 (51.099 - 60.734)		53.191 (48.725 - 57.658)
Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS	77.886 (64.351 - 91.421)		65.8 (62.771 - 68.829)		62.473 (59.658 - 65.287)
Greater curvature of stomach, NOS	53.487 (32.172 - 74.803)		54.983 (50.669 - 59.297)		53.06 (48.942 - 57.178)
Stage		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
Localized	76.282 (68.403 - 84.161)		99.719 (97.222 - 102.216)		95.154 (92.828 - 97.481)
Regional	59.83 (51.542 - 68.118)		52.013 (50.519 - 53.506)		50.024 (48.627 - 51.422)
Distant	15.137 (10.058 - 20.217)		13.752 (13.02 - 14.483)		13.434 (12.739 - 14.128)
Unstaged	23.901 (13.549 - 34.253)		23.683 (21.724 - 25.641)		22.556 (20.73 - 24.382)
Chemotherapy		0.002		< 0.001		< 0.001
Yes	61.602 (55.779 - 67.425)		48.408 (47.345 - 49.47)		46.153 (45.163 - 47.143)
No/unknown	42.231 (35.135 - 49.326)		48.691 (46.87 - 50.512)		47.178 (45.454 - 48.902)
Radiation		0.18		< 0.001		< 0.001
Beam radiation	44 (44 - 44)		35.806 (29.182 - 42.429)		35.452 (28.907 - 41.997)
Other types of radiation	59.473 (53.991 - 64.954)		46.356 (45.403 - 47.308)		44.343 (43.452 - 45.234)
None	45.31 (36.608 - 54.011)		53.25 (51.09 - 55.409)		51.446 (49.42 - 53.473)
Surgery		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
Surgery performed	68.252 (62.638 - 73.866)		71.184 (69.843 - 72.525)		68.191 (66.938 - 69.444)
Not recommended	14.017 (9.726 - 18.307)		13.114 (12.454 - 13.774)		12.719 (12.103 - 13.334)

Table 2. Univariate Analysis Using Kaplan-Meier Test

Variables

Infection, mean (95% CI)

P-value

Other, mean (95% CI)

P-value

Total, mean (95% CI)

P-value

CI: confidence interval; NOS: not otherwise specified.

Age

0.8

< 0.001

< 49

60.452 (32.668 - 88.235)

83.313 (78.347 - 88.278)

81.759 (76.883 - 86.635)

> 50

56.75 (51.916 - 61.583)

44.833 (44.02 - 45.645)

42.961 (42.204 - 43.719)

Sex

0.03

0.015

0.006

Male

53.247 (47.701 - 58.793)

46.606 (45.546 - 47.667)

44.591 (43.606 - 45.576)

Female

65.239 (56.123 - 74.356)

51.12 (49.537 - 52.702)

49.116 (47.625 - 50.607)

Race

0.004

< 0.001

White

54.01 (48.549 - 59.47)

44.975 (44.03 - 45.921)

43.238 (42.35 - 44.125)

Black

47.218 (33.92 - 60.517)

43.29 (40.908 - 45.673)

41.3 (39.114 - 43.485)

Others

78.916 (65.925 - 91.907)

72.213 (68.744 - 75.681)

68.444 (65.234 - 71.653)

Marital status

< 0.001

Single (never married)

33.288 (23.649 - 42.928)

45.58 (42.859 - 48.301)

43.606 (41.035 - 46.176)

Married (including common law)

62.79 (56.277 - 69.303)

54.631 (53.413 - 55.849)

52.507 (51.36 - 53.654)

Separated

96.667 (51.308 - 142.025)

43.854 (37.585 - 50.123)

42.165 (36.285 - 48.045)

Divorced

50.37 (31.031 - 69.71)

44.62 (41.197 - 48.044)

42.798 (39.623 - 45.973)

Widowed

54.182 (44.342 - 64.021)

30.734 (29.528 - 31.94)

29.369 (28.257 - 30.48)

Primary site

0.001

< 0.001

Stomach, NOS

52.296 (38.221 - 66.372)

33.233 (31.341 - 35.124)

31.757 (29.995 - 33.519)

Cardia, NOS

42.39 (35.26 - 49.519)

45.815 (44.207 - 47.422)

44.159 (42.654 - 45.664)

Fundus of stomach

55.88 (27.061 - 84.699)

36.822 (32.945 - 40.699)

35.445 (31.805 - 39.085)

Body of stomach

55.328 (38.117 - 72.539)

45.474 (42.289 - 48.658)

43.43 (40.47 - 46.39)

Gastric antrum

62.492 (52.125 - 72.859)

54.493 (52.469 - 56.518)

52.249 (50.351 - 54.146)

Pylorus

74.632 (48.34 - 100.923)

55.917 (51.099 - 60.734)

53.191 (48.725 - 57.658)

Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS

77.886 (64.351 - 91.421)

65.8 (62.771 - 68.829)

62.473 (59.658 - 65.287)

Greater curvature of stomach, NOS

53.487 (32.172 - 74.803)

54.983 (50.669 - 59.297)

53.06 (48.942 - 57.178)

Stage

< 0.001

Localized

76.282 (68.403 - 84.161)

99.719 (97.222 - 102.216)

95.154 (92.828 - 97.481)

Regional

59.83 (51.542 - 68.118)

52.013 (50.519 - 53.506)

50.024 (48.627 - 51.422)

Distant

15.137 (10.058 - 20.217)

13.752 (13.02 - 14.483)

13.434 (12.739 - 14.128)

Unstaged

23.901 (13.549 - 34.253)

23.683 (21.724 - 25.641)

22.556 (20.73 - 24.382)

Chemotherapy

0.002

< 0.001

Yes

61.602 (55.779 - 67.425)

48.408 (47.345 - 49.47)

46.153 (45.163 - 47.143)

No/unknown

42.231 (35.135 - 49.326)

48.691 (46.87 - 50.512)

47.178 (45.454 - 48.902)

Radiation

0.18

< 0.001

Beam radiation

44 (44 - 44)

35.806 (29.182 - 42.429)

35.452 (28.907 - 41.997)

Other types of radiation

59.473 (53.991 - 64.954)

46.356 (45.403 - 47.308)

44.343 (43.452 - 45.234)

None

45.31 (36.608 - 54.011)

53.25 (51.09 - 55.409)

51.446 (49.42 - 53.473)

Surgery

< 0.001

Surgery performed

68.252 (62.638 - 73.866)

71.184 (69.843 - 72.525)

68.191 (66.938 - 69.444)

Not recommended

14.017 (9.726 - 18.307)

13.114 (12.454 - 13.774)

12.719 (12.103 - 13.334)

**Table 3.** Multivariate Analysis Using Cox Regression Test
Variables	Infection, HR (95% CI)	Regression coefficient	Other, HR (95% CI)	Regression coefficient	Total, HR (95% CI)	Regression coefficient
P < 0.01. *P < 0.001. CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; NOS: not otherwise specified.
Age, reference (< 49)
> 50	3.137 (2.178 - 4.517)**	1.143	1.285 (1.242 - 1.329)**	0.251	1.299 (1.256 - 1.344)**	0.262
Sex, reference (male)
Female	0.658 (0.561 - 0.773)**	-0.418	0.886 (0.869 - 0.905)**	-0.121	0.882 (0.865 - 0.9)**	-0.125
Race, reference (white)
Black	1.202 (0.979 - 1.474)	0.184	0.993 (0.966 - 1.02)	-0.007	0.995 (0.969 - 1.023)	-0.005
Other	0.968 (0.795 - 1.177)	-0.033	0.81 (0.788 - 0.833)**	-0.211	0.813 (0.791 - 0.836)**	-0.207
Marital status, reference (single)
Married	0.627 (0.506 - 0.778)**	-0.466	0.927 (0.9 - 0.954)**	-0.076	0.921 (0.895 - 0.948)**	-0.082
Separated	0.564 (0.285 - 1.119)	-0.572	0.997 (0.922 - 1.078)	-0.003	0.987 (0.914 - 1.067)	-0.013
Divorced	0.742 (0.533 - 1.032)	-0.299	1.026 (0.984 - 1.07)	0.026	1.021 (0.979 - 1.064)	0.02
Widowed	1.079 (0.841 - 1.386)	0.076	1.202 (1.162 - 1.244)**	0.184	1.2 (1.16 - 1.241)**	0.182
Primary site, reference (stomach, NOS)
Cardia, NOS	0.898 (0.71 - 1.137)	-0.107	0.881 (0.857 - 0.906)**	-0.127	0.881 (0.857 - 0.906)**	-0.126
Fundus of stomach	0.831 (0.537 - 1.285)	-0.185	0.993 (0.947 - 1.042)	-0.007	0.991 (0.945 - 1.039)	-0.009
Body of stomach	1.047 (0.767 - 1.429)	0.046	0.93 (0.894 - 0.968)**	-0.072	0.932 (0.896 - 0.969)**	-0.07
Gastric antrum	0.923 (0.725 - 1.175)	-0.08	0.897 (0.87 - 0.925)**	-0.109	0.897 (0.87 - 0.925)**	-0.109
Pylorus	0.961 (0.662 - 1.394)	-0.04	0.907 (0.862 - 0.954)**	-0.097	0.908 (0.863 - 0.955)**	-0.097
Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS	1.087 (0.839 - 1.409)	0.083	0.81 (0.781 - 0.84)**	-0.211	0.815 (0.786 - 0.845)**	-0.205
Greater curvature of stomach, NOS	0.904 (0.625 - 1.308)	-0.101	0.896 (0.854 - 0.941)**	-0.109	0.896 (0.854 - 0.94)**	-0.11
Stage, reference (localized)
Regional	1.121 (0.952 - 1.32)	0.114	2.085 (2.032 - 2.139)**	0.735	2.054 (2.003 - 2.106)**	0.72
Distant	1.217 (0.957 - 1.549)	0.196	3.554 (3.453 - 3.657)**	1.268	3.492 (3.394 - 3.592)**	1.25
Unstaged	1.699 (1.278 - 2.258)**	0.53	1.837 (1.766 - 1.912)**	0.608	1.825 (1.755 - 1.898)**	0.601
Chemotherapy, reference (yes)
No/unknown	1.669 (1.356 - 2.056)**	0.512	1.76 (1.72 - 1.8)**	0.565	1.756 (1.717 - 1.796)**	0.563
Radiation, reference (beam)
Other types of radiation	0.285 (0.04 - 2.038)	-1.255	1.085 (0.96 - 1.225)	0.081	1.074 (0.95 - 1.213)	0.071
None	0.892 (0.715 - 1.113)	-0.114	1.057 (1.031 - 1.083)**	0.055	1.055 (1.03 - 1.081)**	0.054
Surgery, reference (yes)
Not recommended	1.412 (1.132 - 1.761)*	0.345	2.728 (2.661 - 2.796)**	1.003	2.705 (2.639 - 2.773)**	0.995

Table 3. Multivariate Analysis Using Cox Regression Test

Variables

Infection, HR (95% CI)

Regression coefficient

Other, HR (95% CI)

Regression coefficient

Total, HR (95% CI)

Regression coefficient

*P < 0.01. **P < 0.001. CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; NOS: not otherwise specified.

Age, reference (< 49)

> 50

3.137 (2.178 - 4.517)**

1.143

1.285 (1.242 - 1.329)**

0.251

1.299 (1.256 - 1.344)**

0.262

Sex, reference (male)

Female

0.658 (0.561 - 0.773)**

-0.418

0.886 (0.869 - 0.905)**

-0.121

0.882 (0.865 - 0.9)**

-0.125

Race, reference (white)

Black

1.202 (0.979 - 1.474)

0.184

0.993 (0.966 - 1.02)

-0.007

0.995 (0.969 - 1.023)

-0.005

Other

0.968 (0.795 - 1.177)

-0.033

0.81 (0.788 - 0.833)**

-0.211

0.813 (0.791 - 0.836)**

-0.207

Marital status, reference (single)

Married

0.627 (0.506 - 0.778)**

-0.466

0.927 (0.9 - 0.954)**

-0.076

0.921 (0.895 - 0.948)**

-0.082

Separated

0.564 (0.285 - 1.119)

-0.572

0.997 (0.922 - 1.078)

-0.003

0.987 (0.914 - 1.067)

-0.013

Divorced

0.742 (0.533 - 1.032)

-0.299

1.026 (0.984 - 1.07)

0.026

1.021 (0.979 - 1.064)

0.02

Widowed

1.079 (0.841 - 1.386)

0.076

1.202 (1.162 - 1.244)**

0.184

1.2 (1.16 - 1.241)**

0.182

Primary site, reference (stomach, NOS)

Cardia, NOS

0.898 (0.71 - 1.137)

-0.107

0.881 (0.857 - 0.906)**

-0.127

0.881 (0.857 - 0.906)**

-0.126

Fundus of stomach

0.831 (0.537 - 1.285)

-0.185

0.993 (0.947 - 1.042)

-0.007

0.991 (0.945 - 1.039)

-0.009

Body of stomach

1.047 (0.767 - 1.429)

0.046

0.93 (0.894 - 0.968)**

-0.072

0.932 (0.896 - 0.969)**

-0.07

Gastric antrum

0.923 (0.725 - 1.175)

-0.08

0.897 (0.87 - 0.925)**

-0.109

0.897 (0.87 - 0.925)**

-0.109

Pylorus

0.961 (0.662 - 1.394)

-0.04

0.907 (0.862 - 0.954)**

-0.097

0.908 (0.863 - 0.955)**

-0.097

Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS

1.087 (0.839 - 1.409)

0.083

0.81 (0.781 - 0.84)**

-0.211

0.815 (0.786 - 0.845)**

-0.205

Greater curvature of stomach, NOS

0.904 (0.625 - 1.308)

-0.101

0.896 (0.854 - 0.941)**

-0.109

0.896 (0.854 - 0.94)**

-0.11

Stage, reference (localized)

Regional

1.121 (0.952 - 1.32)

0.114

2.085 (2.032 - 2.139)**

0.735

2.054 (2.003 - 2.106)**

0.72

Distant

1.217 (0.957 - 1.549)

0.196

3.554 (3.453 - 3.657)**

1.268

3.492 (3.394 - 3.592)**

1.25

Unstaged

1.699 (1.278 - 2.258)**

0.53

1.837 (1.766 - 1.912)**

0.608

1.825 (1.755 - 1.898)**

0.601

Chemotherapy, reference (yes)

No/unknown

1.669 (1.356 - 2.056)**

0.512

1.76 (1.72 - 1.8)**

0.565

1.756 (1.717 - 1.796)**

0.563

Radiation, reference (beam)

Other types of radiation

0.285 (0.04 - 2.038)

-1.255

1.085 (0.96 - 1.225)

0.081

1.074 (0.95 - 1.213)

0.071

None

0.892 (0.715 - 1.113)

-0.114

1.057 (1.031 - 1.083)**

0.055

1.055 (1.03 - 1.081)**

0.054

Surgery, reference (yes)

Not recommended

1.412 (1.132 - 1.761)*

0.345

2.728 (2.661 - 2.796)**

1.003

2.705 (2.639 - 2.773)**

0.995

**Table 4.** The Probability of Infection Using Binary Regression Test
Variables	Infection, OR (95% CI)	Regression coefficient
P < 0.05. P < 0.01. **P < 0.001. CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; NOS: not otherwise specified.
Age, reference (< 49)
> 50	2.094 (1.453 - 3.018)***	0.739
Sex, reference (male)
Female	0.789 (0.671 - 0.928)**	-0.237
Race, reference (white)
Black	1.212 (0.985 - 1.49)	0.192
Other	1.226 (1.006 - 1.494)*	0.204
Marital status, reference (single)
Married	0.715 (0.574 - 0.89)**	-0.335
Separated	0.545 (0.273 - 1.086)	-0.607
Divorced	0.75 (0.538 - 1.047)	-0.287
Widowed	0.874 (0.679 - 1.125)	-0.134
Primary site, reference (stomach, NOS)
Cardia, NOS	0.903 (0.713 - 1.144)	-0.102
Fundus of stomach	0.796 (0.513 - 1.236)	-0.228
Body of stomach	1.128 (0.824 - 1.545)	0.121
Gastric antrum	1.002 (0.786 - 1.277)	0.002
Pylorus	1.04 (0.713 - 1.515)	0.039
Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS	1.325 (1.02 - 1.721)*	0.282
Greater curvature of stomach, NOS	1.026 (0.707 - 1.488)	0.025
Stage, reference (localized)
Regional	0.561 (0.478 - 0.66)***	-0.577
Distant	0.354 (0.284 - 0.442)***	-1.039
Unstaged	0.95 (0.716 - 1.261)	-0.051
Chemotherapy, reference (yes)
No/unknown	1.258 (1.029 - 1.538)*	0.23
Radiation, reference (beam)
Other types of radiation	0.259 (0.036 - 1.86)	-1.351
None	0.844 (0.677 - 1.054)	-0.169
Surgery, reference (yes)
Not recommended	0.549 (0.447 - 0.673)***	-0.601

Table 4. The Probability of Infection Using Binary Regression Test

Variables

Infection, OR (95% CI)

Regression coefficient

*P < 0.05. **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001. CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; NOS: not otherwise specified.

Age, reference (< 49)

> 50

2.094 (1.453 - 3.018)***

0.739

Sex, reference (male)

Female

0.789 (0.671 - 0.928)**

-0.237

Race, reference (white)

Black

1.212 (0.985 - 1.49)

0.192

Other

1.226 (1.006 - 1.494)*

0.204

Marital status, reference (single)

Married

0.715 (0.574 - 0.89)**

-0.335

Separated

0.545 (0.273 - 1.086)

-0.607

Divorced

0.75 (0.538 - 1.047)

-0.287

Widowed

0.874 (0.679 - 1.125)

-0.134

Primary site, reference (stomach, NOS)

Cardia, NOS

0.903 (0.713 - 1.144)

-0.102

Fundus of stomach

0.796 (0.513 - 1.236)

-0.228

Body of stomach

1.128 (0.824 - 1.545)

0.121

Gastric antrum

1.002 (0.786 - 1.277)

0.002

Pylorus

1.04 (0.713 - 1.515)

0.039

Lesser curvature of stomach, NOS

1.325 (1.02 - 1.721)*

0.282

Greater curvature of stomach, NOS

1.026 (0.707 - 1.488)

0.025

Stage, reference (localized)

Regional

0.561 (0.478 - 0.66)***

-0.577

Distant

0.354 (0.284 - 0.442)***

-1.039

Unstaged

0.95 (0.716 - 1.261)

-0.051

Chemotherapy, reference (yes)

No/unknown

1.258 (1.029 - 1.538)*

0.23

Radiation, reference (beam)

Other types of radiation

0.259 (0.036 - 1.86)

-1.351

None

0.844 (0.677 - 1.054)

-0.169

Surgery, reference (yes)

Not recommended

0.549 (0.447 - 0.673)***

-0.601