| Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website https://www.gastrores.org |
Short Communication
Volume 15, Number 5, October 2022, pages 263-267
Safety of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement in Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Table
| COVID-19 (N = 36) | Non-COVID-19 (N = 104) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; SD: standard deviation; PEG: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; IV: intravenous; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology. | |||
| Age, mean ± SD | 63.69 ± 4.78 | 64.95 ± 2.7 | 0.32 |
| Gender | 0.21 | ||
| Male | 22 (61.1%) | 54 (51.9%) | |
| Female | 14 (38.9%) | 50 (48.1%) | |
| Body mass index | 0.0229 | ||
| > 30 | 15 (41.6%) | 23 (22.1%) | |
| < 30 | 21 (58.4%) | 81 (77.9%) | |
| Healthy: 18.5 to < 25 | 7 (19.4%) | 42 (40.3%) | |
| Overweight: 25.0 to < 30 | 9 (25%) | 24 (23%) | |
| Underweight: < 18.5 | 5 (13.8%) | 15 (14.4%) | |
| Anticoagulation | 0.000207 | ||
| None | 5 (13.8%) | 51 (49%) | |
| On therapeutic or prophylactic anticoagulation | 31 (86.1%) | 53 (51%) | |
| Prophylactic enoxaparin or heparin | 12 (33.3%) | 33 (31.7%) | |
| IV heparin | 14 (38.8%) | 9 (8.6%) | |
| Apixaban | 2 (5.5%) | 7 (6.7%) | |
| Warfarin | 0 | 0 | |
| Therapeutic enoxaparin | 3 (8.3%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
| Bivalirudin | 0 | 1 | |
| Rivaroxaban | 0 | 1 | |
| Antiplatelets | 0.14 | ||
| None | 22 (61.1%) | 77 (74%) | |
| On antiplatelet therapy | 14 (38.8%) | 27 (25.9% | |
| Aspirin | 13 | 22 | |
| Clopidogrel | 1 | 3 | |
| Ticagrelor | 0 | 1 | |
| Aspirin and clopidogrel | 0 | 1 | |
| Number of comorbidities per patient | 2.25 ± 0.44 | 2.36 ± 0.32 | 0.35 |
| Tracheostomy | 31 (86%) | 42 (40.3%) | 0.000001 |
| Indication for PEG tube | |||
| Prolonged tube feeding (> 2 weeks) while on mechanical ventilation due to acute respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy | 32 (88%) | 9 (8.6%) | |
| Dysphagia secondary to neurological conditions which include ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, refractory recurrent seizures, neuromuscular diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myasthenia gravis) or severe cognitive impairment from dementia | 4 (11.1%) | 93 (89.4%) | |
| Oropharyngeal or esophageal cancer | 0 | 2 (1.9%) | |
| Serum albumin | 2.4 g/dL | 2.77 g/dL | 0.02 |
| ASA grade | 0.054 | ||
| 3 | 12 (33.3%) | 52(50%) | |
| 4 | 24 (66.6%) | 48(46.1%) | |
| Complication rate | 3 (8.3%) | 17 (16.3%) | 0.28 |
| Melena | 1 | 0 | |
| Bleeding ulcer under PEG | 1 | 2 | |
| Ileus | 1 | 0 | |
| Clogged | 0 | 7 | |
| Hematemesis | 0 | 1 | |
| Dislodged | 0 | 4 | |
| Skin granuloma | 0 | 1 | |
| Cellulitis | 0 | 2 | |
| Success of PEG tube | 0.44 | ||
| Successful | 35 (97.2%) | 96 (92.3%) | |
| Removed/exchanged due to a complication within 28 days of placement | 1 (2.8%) | 8 (7.7%) | |