Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.gastrores.org

Review

Volume 13, Number 6, December 2020, pages 227-232

Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects of Immunotherapeutic Agents: A Systematic Review

Figure

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Flowchart outlining process of literature review including inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Table

Table 1. The Grading of Diarrhea and Colitis in Patients on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy [14]
 
Grade 1Grade 2Grade 3Grade 4Grade 5
DiarrheaIncrease of < 4 stools per day over baseline or mild increase in ostomy output versus baseline.Increase of 4 - 6 stools per day over baseline or moderate increase in ostomy output versus baseline.Increase of ≥ 7 stools per day over baseline or severe increase in ostomy output versus baseline.
Hospitalization indicated.		Life-threatening consequences.
Urgent intervention indicated.		Death
ColitisAsymptomatic.
Clinical or diagnostic observations only.
Intervention not indicated.		Abdominal pain; mucus or blood in stool.Severe abdominal pain; peritoneal signs.Life-threatening consequences.
Urgent intervention indicated.		Death