Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 13, Number 6, December 2020, pages 253-259


Cirrhosis Is Associated With Worse Outcomes in Ischemic Colitis: A Nationwide Retrospective Study

Figure

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Flow diagram of patient selection.

Tables

Table 1. Baseline Demographic Characteristics
 
IC + cirrhosis (N = 420)IC with no cirrhosis (N = 28,615)P value
IC: ischemic colitis; PI: Pacific Islander.
Age (years)63.970.40.0001
Gender
  Male210 (50%)7,469 (26.1%)-
  Female210 (50%)21,146 (73.9%)0.0001
Race
  White283 (67.5%)23,436 (81.9%)0.0001
  Black46 (10.9%)2,175 (7.6%)0.013
  Hispanic76 (18%)1,745 (6.1%)0.0001
  Asian/PI0 (0%)687 (2.4%)0.002
  Native American5 (1.2%)86 (0.3%)0.005
  Other10 (2.4%)486 (1.7%)0.3778
Hospital region
  Northeast60 (14.2%)6,066 (21.2%)0.0007
  Midwest130 (31%)7,383 (25.8%)0.0194
  South155 (37%)9,987 (34.9%)0.4217
  West75 (17.8%)5,179 (18.1%)0.949
Hospital bed size
  Small50 (11.9%)6,066 (21.2%)0.0001
  Medium160 (38.1%)9,157 (32%)0.0092
  Large210 (50%)13,392 (46.8%)0.2094
Insurance
  Medicare205 (48.8%)20,317 (71%)0.0001
  Medicaid95 (22.6%)1,774 (6.2%)0.0001
  Private insurance95 (22.6%)5,580 (19.5%)0.124
  Self-pay10 (2.4%)458 (1.6%)0.2866
  No charge0 (0%)28 (0.1%)0.5213
  Other15 (3.6%)458 (1.6%)0.0029

 

Table 2. Hospital Outcomes
 
IC + cirrhosis (N = 420)IC with no cirrhosis (N = 28,615)P value
IC: ischemic colitis; LOS: length of hospital stay; USD: United States Dollar; IC: ischemic colitis.
LOS (days)7.34.80.0001
Total charge (USD)$84,769$48,3470.0002
Died45 (10.7%)1,045 (3.6%)0.0001
Colectomy10 (2.3%)1,465 (5.1%)0.0153

 

Table 3. Multivariate Analysis for In-Hospital Colectomy
 
Odds ratio95% CIP value
A-fib: atrial fibrillation; CAD: coronary artery disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; CI: confidence interval; DM: diabetes mellitus; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; HTN: hypertension; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; PI: Pacific Islander.
Cirrhosis0.310.07 - 1.270.104
A-fib1.951.43 - 2.640.000
CAD1.050.77 - 1.420.738
CHF1.220.82 - 1.820.305
PVD1.110.71 - 1.730.633
ESRD1.500.93 - 2.420.095
HTN0.840.63 - 1.110.224
DM1.120.84 - 1.490.423
Age0.980.97 - 0.990.005
Gender
  Male (reference)---
  Female0.560.43 - 0.720.000
Race
  White (reference)---
  Black1.681.11 - 2.530.013
  Hispanic1.090.66 - 1.780.726
  Asian/PI1.130.51 - 2.490.758
  Native American6.241.83 - 21.300.003
  Other1.210.50 - 2.930.667

 

Table 4. Multivariate Analysis for In-Hospital Mortality
 
Odds ratio95% CIP value
A-fib: atrial fibrillation; CAD: coronary artery disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; CI: confidence interval; DM: diabetes mellitus; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; HTN: hypertension; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; PI: Pacific Islander.
Cirrhosis3.151.46 - 6.790.003
A-fib2.311.68 - 3.160.000
CAD0.870.62 - 1.220.430
CHF1.300.88 - 1.920.187
PVD1.691.05 - 2.730.030
ESRD3.291.93 - 5.620.000
HTN0.590.42 - 0.830.002
DM0.750.53 - 1.050.096
Age1.031.02 - 1.05
Gender
  Male (reference)---
  Female0.720.53 - 0.990.046
Race
  White (reference)---
  Black1.300.75 - 2.240.347
  Hispanic1.140.64 - 2.040.643
  Asian/PI0.870.31 - 2.380.791
  Native American1.970.28 - 13.660.492
  Other2.050.85 - 4.950.109