Gastroenterology Research, ISSN 1918-2805 print, 1918-2813 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Gastroenterol Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.gastrores.org

Original Article

Volume 12, Number 3, June 2019, pages 135-140

Elevated International Normalized Ratio: A Risk Factor for Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhotic Patients

Tables

Table 1. Patient Characteristics
 
PVT (n = 22)No-PVT (n = 246)P value
PVT: portal vein thrombosis; BMI: body mass index; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HBV: hepatitis B virus; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Age (years, ± SD)61.9 (± 8.7)59.9 (± 12.1)0.4
Male sex, n (%)15 (68.2%)165 (67%)0.9
BMI (kg/m2, ± SD)26.4 (± 5.5)27.2 (± 7.0)0.6
Race
  Caucasian5 (22%)52 (21%)0.8
  Hispanic12 (54%)125 (50.8%)0.7
  African American5 (22%)66 (26.8%)0.6
Etiology of cirrhosis
  Alcohol8 (36%)90 (36%)0.9
  HCV11 (50%)121 (49%)0.9
  HBV0 (0%)11 (4%)0.6
  NAFLD2 (9%)24 (9%)0.9
  Cryptogenic1 (4%)0 (0%)0.1

 

Table 2. Serologic Markers
 
PVT (n = 22)No-PVT (n = 246)P value
PVT: portal vein thrombosis; INR: international normalized ratio; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease.
INR (± SD) 1.45 (± 0.39)1.3 (± 0.35)0.04
Sodium (mEq/L, ± SD)135 (± 5.2)137 (± 4.5)0.04
Platelet (103/uL, ± SD)224 (± 196)131 (± 94)0.0001
Albumin (g/dL, ± SD)2.5 (± 0.93)2.7 (± 0.78)0.15
Creatinine (mg/dL, ± SD)1.1 (± 1.0)1.3 (± 1.5)0.5
ALP (IU/L, ± SD)281 (± 376)130 (± 92)0.0001
Total bilirubin (mg/dL, ± SD)4.8 (± 5.07)2.6 (± 4.08)0.02
MELD (± SD)16.5 (± 7.8)14.1 (± 7.3)0.1

 

Table 3. Co-Morbid Conditions
 
PVT (n = 22)No-PVT (n = 246)P value
PVT: portal vein thrombosis; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; EV: esophageal varices.
Hypertension (%)13 (59%)137 (55%)0.7
Diabetes (%)8 (36%)85 (34%)0.8
Heroin abuse (%)11 (50%)88 (35%)0.1
Tobacco use (%)14 (63%)156 (63%)0.9
HIV (%)2 (9%)40 (16%)0.5
EV (%)9 (40%)70 (28%)0.2